wow Predictions for WoW Chronicle: Volume 3

[Valks 2,375]

Check out our guesses at what might be coming in next year's Chronicle book!

With the release date of the next Chronicle volume slowly approaching, we've sat down to look at some of the possible plots that will get filled in based on the knowledge we already have from previous novels and games.

When the release was first announced, it was revealed that the book would cover the events "that shaped the modern history of Azeroth and delves into the backstories of Arthas Menethil, Illidan Stormrage, Jaina Proudmoore, and other iconic World of Warcraft characters". With two volumes already released, we are starting to get an understanding of the aim of these books: to produce facts that create new canon lore and establish truths among the numerous possible details that have surfaced around old lore. With so many examples and pieces of work to draw from, we can (hopefully!) predict what we're going to finally see in Chronicle: Volume 3.

It is worth noting that this post will contain lore spoilers, should you care about that. If so, I would recommend stopping reading now. 

If you wish to catch up on the lore of the books prior to reading through the post, you can use our recommended reading order.

Chronicle: Volume 1

The first book released was focused on establishing a huge amount of new lore, especially given the time-frame that was looked at. Prior to the release of Chronicle: Volume 1 (C:V1), the lore surrounding the titans was filled with pieces put together through mentions of their names, as opposed to proper written confirmation of what happened when Azeroth was formed. 

Magical layout of the universe according to Chronicle: Volume 1.

The purpose of the book was to confirm and fill in the gaps of the lore that previously was created within the game as to how our world came to be. To some extent, you can say that the focus of the book is "higher forces", with it being focused on the idea of powers that are beyond a mortal's reach. If we look at the subjects covered, there are:

• The Universe - how it functions, was built, and is constructed according to a magical diagram detailing different forms of magical power, as well descriptions of every non-mortal being.
• Titans - how they came to be, how they would monitor and mold worlds, how their hierarchy was structured.
• Void Lords and Old Gods - the existence of the former, the creation of the latter and how they came to bring about a threat to the universe.
• Elemental Lords - their rise and fall, the world under their control and the different wars they waged on one another, as well as against the Old Gods.
• Dragons - how they came to survive against the threat of Galakrond, how they managed to become the aspects of their Dragonflights and how they became the protectors of Azeroth's races.
• The Burning Legion - their existence, the formation of their army under Sargeras and his corruption, as well as their ability to expand and control races (the Eredar, namely).
• The Keepers - their roles and the hardships they faced before becoming the non-Keepers of Yogg-Saron at the hands of Loken.
• The Primal Races - the establishment of the Mantid, Mogu, Trolls, Pandaren, Hozen and others, as well as the gods they worshipped, such as the Loa, the Old Gods and the August Celestials. 
• The Well of Eternity - establishing it in the story as an ancient well of infinite power, the abuse of it at the hands of the Night Elves and the war that surrounded its use under the watch of Queen Azshara and the Legion.
• The War of the Ancients - introducing, by name and power, the Wild Gods and their power, as well as the power of the Dragon Aspects.
• The Mortal Races - introducing the existence of the mortal races, such as Humans, but ensuring there is a focus on a specific type of human, namely Aegwynn and Medivh, both of whom had close relations in their story to Sargeras. Another example would be the War of the Three Hammers, where Ragnaros makes an appearance after being summoned by Thaurissan.

For C:V1, I think it is safe to say that the theme of the book rests firmly on the idea of the "supernatural", those forces beyond our imagining that would shake the world if one of them were to sneeze. The cover of the book features Medivh, as opposed to any of the other figures the book mentions, because I feel that it is where the book is aiming to be. 

The image of Medivh used on the cover of Chronicle: Volume 1.

The book goes from the beginning of time, through tens of thousands of years of history, constantly reminding us just how important and powerful Sargeras is to the downfall of everything. At every attempt, he seems to fail to appear and destroy our world, no matter who attempts to summon him. Medivh was his key to changing the strategy of taking Azeroth and was a perfect opportunity to battle on a front that nobody could have ever expected. 

In my eyes, Medivh was the perfect choice to go on the cover because he was the key to changing Azeroth forever with Sargeras' influence. 

Chronicle: Volume 2

Just as the first book saw to establish the lore around Azeroth and the universe, Chronicle: Volume 2 (C: V2) had to establish the lore surrounding a new planet, Draenor, and how it became Outland. The subjects that were included are as follows:

• Formation of Draenor - the shaping of the world under Aggramar, the fall of the giants that ruled the world and the establishment of the races that would live there, along with the gods they worshiped.
• Fall of the Ogrons - the establishment of the Ogron empire and how it eventually fell to the might of the ogres and their revolution, which in turn allowed the orcs to come out of hiding and construct their civilizations across the world.
• Orcs Before Fel - the life and structure of living of the orcs prior to the introduction of the power of the Legion, their learning of Shamanism and the power of the elements.
• Arrival of the Draenei - the arrival of Velen's group on Draenor, their battles with the orcs and ogres, and the establishment of peace between orcs and Draenei by Velen.
• Orcs After Fel - the introduction of the Burning Legion and fel power to the Orcs, Ner'zhul's rise and fall, Gul'dan's journey to power and the construction of the first Horde.
• The Effects of Fel - the power gained and the sacrifices made by the Orcs, their genocide against the Draenei, the loss of connection to the elements by Shamans and the creation of Warlocks.
• The First War - the creation of the Dark Portal, the introduction of Garona, Khadgar and Medivh, the first invasion, the siege of Stormwind and the fall of Medivh, along with the effect it had on Gul'dan.
• The New Horde - the fall of Stormwind at the hands of the new Horde under the new Warchief's command, the murder of King Llane, the stealing of the Demon Soul and the re-introduction of Deathwing.
• The Second War - the promise of power by Gul'dan, the creation of Death Knights, the creation of the Alliance, the kidnapping of Alexstrasza and her brood, the betrayal by Gul'dan and the battle of Lordaeron.
• Gul'dan - the quest for power in the Tomb of Sargeras, his death at the hands of the demons and the creation of the artifact, the Skull of Gul'dan.
• End of the Second War - the death of Lothar, the fall of the Horde, the orc internment camps.
• The Rise of the Horde  - Ner'zhul takes command, gains control of the Skull of Gul'dan, the Book of Medivh, the Scepter of Sargeras and the Eye of Dalaran, the journey to Draenor and the battle for Hellfire Citadel.
• The Breaking of Draenor - Ner'zhul destroying Draenor by opening portals, the "death" of Turalyon and Alleria, the battle between Deathwing and Gruul, the destruction of the Horde.

As we can see, even after his death, there is a huge emphasis placed on the role of Gul'dan. Even after perishing at the hands of demons, his influence lingered on in the power of his skull, which went on to be used as an artifact. He played an absolutely fundamental role in establishing the trust in power that led the orcs to taking the fel magic from Mannoroth, as well as turning them against the Draenei. He, with the aid of Sargeras and Medivh, was instrumental in constructing the Dark Portal and leading the Horde against the human army. 

The image of Gul'dan used on the cover of Chronicle: Volume 2.

It is no surprise that he sits on the cover of the second book, given that he is essentially the reason why every piece of information in that succession of events happened.

Chronicle: Volume 3 - Why Tyrande?

You should now have a fairly clear view of why Medivh and Gul'dan were on the covers of the respective Chronicle books that came before Volume 3, but the question that should now be raised is - why is Tyrande on the cover of Volume 3?

The image of Tyrande used on the cover of Chronicle: Volume 3.

The two volumes prior to this one both featured characters that were fundamentally essential to the events that the book covered, with Medivh finally being a method for Sargeras to not fail his invasion and Gul'dan being the other half of that plan, ensuring that it all went as planned on Draenor. From the information we have, we can try to speculate what the contents of the book might be in order to justify such a cover.

As a starting point, let's look at where the first two volumes have left us in terms of the timeline. With the second war having finished and the Horde now scattered to small clans trying to survive, we are anywhere between 8 and 18 years after the Dark Portal was first opened. 

At this point, the Alliance are hunting any orcs they can find and putting them into the internment camps that have now been running for a few years. The orcs are treated badly, kept in filthy conditions and are slowly wasting away. 

The Elves are, at this time, unaccounted for in Kalimdor and are presumably going about their lives as normal. They are, up until this point, a very closeted race, sticking close to their own lands and rarely traveling away from them, as far as we can tell. There is very little history about them at this period until the siege of the World Tree by Archimonde.

For the start of the book, we now have one of two starting points. We can either start where we are in history, 8-18 years after the Dark Portal opened and move on from there, or we can look back at something that needs to be known before moving forward in the story. Given that the cover is Tyrande, it's entirely possible there will be a journey looking back at Elune, the Goddess of the Moon. Given that Tyrande is the High Priestess, it would make sense that we finally start to understand who or what Elune is. 

Speculation surrounding Elune has been going on for many years, with people saying she is an old god, a titan, she is Azeroth itself, she is the moon - the list goes on, as you can imagine. I doubt I can make any headway into identifying Elune, but I think we can almost certainly expect to see some light shed on her, especially since the book will release after the new expansion is, presumably, announced at Blizzcon. This opens up the potential for her to finally play a visual role in the new expansion, rather than just appearing in displays of magic or intervention on Tyrande's behalf.

The Characters

In the announcement post, we saw the quote that details a number of characters that we might see, including:

• Arthas Menethil
• Illidan Stormrage
• Jaina Proudmoore
• "other iconic World of Warcraft characters"

All of these definitely play a huge role in a certain part of Warcraft's history, so we can start to piece together what we will see by looking at what we already know and, more importantly, where the gaps are.

Arthas Menethil

Arthas is a very peculiar name to find among these as having his backstory delved into since, with 2 games focusing on his story and a full book detailing his childhood and journey to power, his story is already fairly fleshed out.

The only real area that would particularly need extra information added beyond simple repetition of already available lore would be the relationship between Arthas and the Crypt Lord, Anub'arak. Around the time of meeting him, things become rather rushed since they focus instead on the chase to find Illidan and stop him in Northrend.

Arthas meets Anub'arak for the first time in Warcraft 3.

We see very little development about the underground tunnels and city of Azjol-Nerub and, with a taste of it granted in Wrath of the Lich King, it's something that players have eagerly wanted to know more about. It would definitely be interesting to find out more about the history of the underground race, how they came to be of service to Arthas beyond the few paragraphs we receive and what their motives are. 

There is a slight gap of information between the events of Warcraft 3 and Wrath of the Lich King, but it is said that Arthas is simply dreaming, essentially wrestling with his instincts before turning fully to the power of the Lich King. While this wasn't really fleshed out, I can't see it being much of a story point to focus on, since the only thing happening would be memories of Arthas jumping around and his eventual consumption of Ner'zhul's spirit.

After his death at our hands, there is a period of uncertainty that does somewhat give an opportunity for elaboration - after we return the locket to Jaina, things start to go somewhat downhill for her. She starts to go down her "new" story arc (will go into this later) and it's possible that it had some effect on her in the run up to the events of Theramore. Her memories of him, brought back by Kalec, do end up stopping her from trying to kill everyone in Orgrimmar in the Tides of War book.

Realistically, I think we will learn very little that we do not already know about Arthas. I think he had his story told, in its entirety, through the novels and games. It will most likely be a small amount of retconning details to ensure continuity, with it mainly being put in to follow the story of the Third War properly.

Illidan Stormrage

This is another character that, with his being the focus novels and games, his story has already essentially been told and is still being told in Legion. We don't know much about Illidan's very young childhood, since the War of the Ancients books mainly pick up around the time that Illidan is already somewhat grown up with Malfurion and Tyrande. He has already started to master magic after completely failing to follow his brother's natural ability in the teachings of Cenarius. 

Illidan, Malfurion and Tyrande stand before Cenarius in an in-game cinematic.

There is fierce competition between the brothers over Tyrande, at least in the eyes of Illidan, since he so desperately wants to be with her while she wishes to be with Malfurion. This is spoken about often, but never in any kind of particular depth. Constant references to it elude to the fact that Illidan will never be the favourite in Tyrande's eyes and, in the present day, this is very unlikely to change, especially with everything that happened under the Burning Legion's threat.

Regardless of the amount of story surrounding Illidan, there are definitely parts that are going to be given new light, especially concerning his time after going to Outland. There will likely be far more in-depth assessments of how he brought his army together, the advance on Icecrown and the betrayal by Akama. It's also likely that we will see more of the story surrounding the Skull of Gul'dan fleshed out, given that we only know of it through some discussions during quests in Cataclysm.

Illidan holds the Skull of Gul'dan in the Black Temple.

For Illidan, I think we are almost certainly going to have new lore put into his story, given how much of a prominent character he was for this expansion. There are huge gaps in his story because of how many times he went "missing" or was imprisoned. It's also extremely likely, in my opinion, that we will see his story continued in C:V3 after Legion has come to the end of its lore cycle. There will likely be some form of redemption or sacrifice arc that will lead to a final fleshing out of his story before he is shelved for next expansion. Unfortunately, a Demon Hunter doesn't have much storytelling capacity when facing non-demons and, if the expansion does follow a void theme, it's unlikely he will be centre stage.

Jaina Proudmoore

Jaina will be, in my opinion, the centre-piece of new lore, regardless of whether she has the most impactful role. She is a character that has been rewritten in so many different styles, so many times, and she desperately needs some strong, canon lore to solidify what is happening with her.

She studied under one of the most powerful Archmages in Dalaran, she watched the man she loved murder him and countless thousands of innocent people, all the while becoming one of the most evil beings on Azeroth at the time. This was all documented in the Arthas novel, as well as in Warcraft 3, so there's no dispute as to what happened there. 

She moved on with her life, making an ally of Thrall on Kalimdor and founding the refugee city of Theramore, all once again documented in Warcraft 3 and following the style of Jaina that we all knew. She maintained that concern for the innocent, regardless of who they were or where they came from.

This continued through World of Warcraft and, in Wrath of the Lich King, she tried to reason with The Lich King, hoping to bring Arthas out once again. She failed, but when you bring her Jaina's Locket from the Shadowmourne questline, her feelings are still clear. 

Jaina was fairly quiet in Cataclysm, doing barely anything for the expansion, but this changed hugely in Mists of Pandaria, along with her personality. It was as if a completely different person began writing her story. Tensions were incredibly high between the Alliance and Horde and inevitably, with their location on Kalimdor being so close to Orgrimmar, they were always going to be a target for the new Horde under Garrosh.

Theramore as it appeared in-game before the Mana Bomb attack.

The Horde launched the attack on Theramore and, despite the forces easily repelling them, Jaina didn't realise Garrosh was going to drop a Mana Bomb on the city. He wanted to kill all the Alliance members present with the bomb, but she ended up surviving alongside a few others. She went to Varian, to the Kirin Tor, but nobody could or would help.

She ended up trying to kill everyone in Orgrimmar, she tried to banish all Horde from Dalaran, she opposed the Horde helping to fight the Thunder King and she wanted to disband the Horde forever after Garrosh was defeated. She opposed Khadgar's vote to try and reintroduce the Horde to Dalaran to help them fight and, after they were permitted, she left the Kirin Tor. She is since completely unaccounted for in Legion.

Jaina, for me, is the perfect person to receive new lore now. She is extremely emotional, has a pure, unwavering hatred for the Horde, she is incredibly easily to manipulate at this time and she is a very powerful Mage. In my eyes, if the next expansion does involve Old Gods, I truly think Jaina will end up going one step too far to achieve revenge against the Horde and turn to the Void, becoming an enemy of the Alliance and Horde both.

She has been missing since the start of Legion, which means she must be doing something other than waiting around. She doesn't have Theramore to be looking after anymore, so where could she be? Could she even have ventured north to Northrend, possibly being baited by a power that rests there?

Regardless of what it is, I am certain we will find out more about Jaina and what she has planned for the Horde.

Where will the book end?

Realistically, I think we are going to see the book ending at the events of Legion. They have shown that they aren't afraid to re-tell stories from different perspectives (likely what we will see in Chronicle: Volume 4) in V1 and V2, so I don't see a reason for them to not focus on these characters and move straight to the present day. It will give us an extremely solid base to work with for the next expansion lore-wise and, with the characters that are going to be looked at, it's a perfect line-up to reach the present day.

The book will likely cover:

• History of Elune;
• Tyrande's childhood;
• Jaina and Arthas;
• The Third War;
• The Battle of Mount Hyjal;
• Arthas becoming the Lich King;
• Illidan vs. Arthas;
• Illidan in Outland;
• Arthas' death;
• Theramore and Mana Bomb;
• Jaina vendetta against Horde;
• Jaina after Kirin Tor;
• Illidan against Legion;
• Illidan on Argus.

I think it will skip the majority of what happened in Cataclysm and instead develop it in Chronicle: Volume 4 from the perspective of Thrall, then using the new information we have on Jaina and their relationship. This would also allow them to go back to the story of the internment camps, Thrall bringing the Horde back after Doomhammer falls in battle and them freeing the orcs from Mannoroth's control. You could see his campaign in Northrend, him passing the mantle of Warchief to Garrosh, Garrosh's corruption over Mists of Pandaria. I definitely think C: V4 will be hugely Orc centred and so they will be barely mentioned in Volume 3.

What do you think we're going to see in the next book?

[Archimage 98]

The forces under the "Holy" section are a mystery.

1. We haven't seen the Light counterpart for the Void Lords. Maybe Elune?
2. The Naaru can change from Holy to Shadow, but we haven't seen the Old Gods do the same.

[Valks 2,375]

13 hours ago, Archimage said:

The forces under the "Holy" section are a mystery.

1. We haven't seen the Light counterpart for the Void Lords. Maybe Elune?
2. The Naaru can change from Holy to Shadow, but we haven't seen the Old Gods do the same.

Interestingly, we don't actually have the Void Lords counterpart anywhere. I think Elune might rest above the Titans on the Arcane spectrum, rather than be Light-based.

[Xaethron 36]

A shame i have to buy these books. i can barely get the monthly subscription for the game lol

[Valks 2,375]

18 hours ago, Xaethron said:

A shame i have to buy these books. i can barely get the monthly subscription for the game lol

You can get some of the lore from the game, but the more in-depth things do seem to be covered outside of the game. I'm looking at doing a few pieces on the differences in lore that the game doesn't cover. Would something like that sound good?

[Xaethron 36]

16 minutes ago, Blainie said:

You can get some of the lore from the game, but the more in-depth things do seem to be covered outside of the game. I'm looking at doing a few pieces on the differences in lore that the game doesn't cover. Would something like that sound good?

yeah that sounds great

[Tri 138]

what exactly are the wild gods? Have we seen.......anything about them at all in game? I've wasted invested a lot of time studying the lore and i feel this is the first i've heard of them. When I think of beast esque beings they all end up being druids of known origin. So are there examples of wild gods out there or may this be a thing to be fleshed out in the future?

tldr, wild gods wut?

[Demenzel 29]

3 hours ago, Tri said:

what exactly are the wild gods? Have we seen.......anything about them at all in game? I've wasted invested a lot of time studying the lore and i feel this is the first i've heard of them. When I think of beast esque beings they all end up being druids of known origin. So are there examples of wild gods out there or may this be a thing to be fleshed out in the future?

tldr, wild gods wut?

Wild Gods are primal manifestations of life and nature. Being creatures of two realms, the Wild Gods inhabit the physical world of Azeroth, but their spirits are bound to the ethereal Emerald Dream. Many of them appear in the form of gargantuan animals, such as wolves, bears, tigers, or birds.
As the titan-forged began shaping Azeroth, Keeper Freya wandered the world, creating enclaves of life and nature in the places where the waters of the Well of Eternity had coalesced, such as Un'Goro Crater, Sholazar Basin and the Vale of Eternal Blossoms. The greatest creatures to emerge from Freya's enclaves were the colossal Wild Gods. Seeing these creatures as her own children, Freya and the Wild Gods often wandered side by side through the primal forests and grasslands of early Azeroth. The area that they spent the most time at was the massive forested peak known as Mount Hyjal, and it was upon the slopes of Hyjal that Freya bound the spirits of her beloved Wild Gods to the Emerald Dream. Forever after, Hyjal would remain a sacred refuge to the Wild Gods.

Known Wild Gods:

• Aessina <The Mother Wisp>
• Agamaggan <The Razorboar>
• Akali
• Akil'zon
• Ashamane
• Aviana <Mistress of Birds>
• Bethekk
• Cenarius <Lord of the Forest>
• Chi-Ji <The Red Crane>
• Ela'lothen <The Moonspirit>
• Goldrinn (Lo'Gosh) <The Great Wolf>
• Gonk <The Great Hunter>
• Halazzi
• Hakkar <The Soulflayer>
• Har'koa
• Hethiss
• Hir'eek
• Jan'alai
• L'ghorek
• Malorne (Apa'ro) <The White Stag>
• Mam'toth
• Nalorakk
• Nespirah
• Niuzao <The Black Ox>
• Ohn'ahra <Eagle Spirit>
• Omen
• Quetz'lun
• Rhunok
• Shadra <God of Spiders>
• Shirvallah
• Sseratus
• Tortolla <The Wise>
• Ursoc <The Mighty>
• Ursol <The Wise>
• Xuen <The White Tiger>
• Yu'lon <The Jade Serpent>

[Tri 138]

1 hour ago, Demenzel said:

Wild Gods are primal manifestations of life and nature. Being creatures of two realms, the Wild Gods inhabit the physical world of Azeroth, but their spirits are bound to the ethereal Emerald Dream. Many of them appear in the form of gargantuan animals, such as wolves, bears, tigers, or birds.
As the titan-forged began shaping Azeroth, Keeper Freya wandered the world, creating enclaves of life and nature in the places where the waters of the Well of Eternity had coalesced, such as Un'Goro Crater, Sholazar Basin and the Vale of Eternal Blossoms. The greatest creatures to emerge from Freya's enclaves were the colossal Wild Gods. Seeing these creatures as her own children, Freya and the Wild Gods often wandered side by side through the primal forests and grasslands of early Azeroth. The area that they spent the most time at was the massive forested peak known as Mount Hyjal, and it was upon the slopes of Hyjal that Freya bound the spirits of her beloved Wild Gods to the Emerald Dream. Forever after, Hyjal would remain a sacred refuge to the Wild Gods.

Known Wild Gods:

• Aessina <The Mother Wisp>
• Agamaggan <The Razorboar>
• Akali
• Akil'zon
• Ashamane
• Aviana <Mistress of Birds>
• Bethekk
• Cenarius <Lord of the Forest>
• Chi-Ji <The Red Crane>
• Ela'lothen <The Moonspirit>
• Goldrinn (Lo'Gosh) <The Great Wolf>
• Gonk <The Great Hunter>
• Halazzi
• Hakkar <The Soulflayer>
• Har'koa
• Hethiss
• Hir'eek
• Jan'alai
• L'ghorek
• Malorne (Apa'ro) <The White Stag>
• Mam'toth
• Nalorakk
• Nespirah
• Niuzao <The Black Ox>
• Ohn'ahra <Eagle Spirit>
• Omen
• Quetz'lun
• Rhunok
• Shadra <God of Spiders>
• Shirvallah
• Sseratus
• Tortolla <The Wise>
• Ursoc <The Mighty>
• Ursol <The Wise>
• Xuen <The White Tiger>
• Yu'lon <The Jade Serpent>

ah great ty, yeah a lot of the ones listed i thought wouldn't count because of druidness but then I saw your part about her favs being shoved into the emerald dream. Fun that the pandaland 4 count as wildgods as well. Was aware of many of these, just didn't realize they fit the classification. cheers mate :D

[Valks 2,375]

21 hours ago, Demenzel said:

Wild Gods are primal manifestations of life and nature. Being creatures of two realms, the Wild Gods inhabit the physical world of Azeroth, but their spirits are bound to the ethereal Emerald Dream.

This part is actually somewhat ambiguous - Wild Gods aren't necessarily all bound to the Emerald Dream - the August Celestials are Wild Gods, but have no evidence of whether they can actually visit/belong to the dream. Just something that I thought was worth mentioning/might be interesting. 

[Valks 2,375]

20 hours ago, Tri said:

ah great ty, yeah a lot of the ones listed i thought wouldn't count because of druidness but then I saw your part about her favs being shoved into the emerald dream. Fun that the pandaland 4 count as wildgods as well. Was aware of many of these, just didn't realize they fit the classification. cheers mate :D

See above! Also, about them being fleshed out in game, a lot of them actually made the races we see today. There's a lot of speculation and guessing around it (Brann does a lot of this), but some are confirmed. All harpies are children of Aviana, for example. Cenarius made most of the nature-races, like dryads, centaurs etc.

Brann had anthropology notes in one of the WoW magazines, I can't remember which - he says things like a bull wild god made the Tauren, but then Chronicles says they came from the Yaungol. Maybe the bull is Nizuao on Pandaria who made Yaungol, which then became Tauren. 

Anyway, the Wild Gods are a pretty huge part of how the world formed. You actually fight Agmaggan's children in RFK (the dungeon). He even gives you a quest AFAIR.